Office



(NoA Model.)

J. M. GARDINER.

ELEGTRO MAGNETIG1SGA-PEMENT MECHANISM.

110.256.994. l Patented Apr.25 18 Z..

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` 'UNITED STATES PATENT *OEEICEQ 4 JAMEs M. GARDINER, or RAoxENsAclenEw JERsEY, AssIeNoR To THE GAMEWELL FIRE ALARM TELEGRAPHGOMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ESCAPEMENT MEoHANlsn/l.

ViSPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 256,994, dated April 25, 1882.

Application filed .Tune 27, 1851. (No model.) I

.To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMEs M. GARDINER, of Hackensack, in the county of Bergen, State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Electro-Magnetic Escapem'ent Mechanism,

of which the following is a specification, ret.

erence being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of the same, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus containing my invention, and Fig. 2 is an edge view of the same.

My invention relates to an electro-magnetic escapement mechanism 5 and it consists in the combination, with an electro-magnet, of the duplex locking and releasing mechanism hercinafter described and claimed.

A is a spur-gear, t0 which motion is given by a spring, A.

B is a pinion meshing into A.

C is a crank-arm fixed on the shaft B of the pinion B.

F is an electromagnet. F is its armature, attached to the arm F2, that is fixed to the rockshaft F3. To this shaft is also fixed one end of an arm, H, at the opposite end of which is the-escapement devices, to be more particularly described presently. 7L and h are pins fixed in a bracket, h2, that limit the movement of the said arm H, and between which it may vibrate.

h3 is a spring which acts to draw the lower end of H against the pin h whenever the armature is released from the magnet.

G is a lever pivoted at c, and H is an arm fixed on the shaft F3. The lower end of this arm H may be forked, as shown in Fig. l, and the two branches j and f of the fork have respectively notches f2 and f3 on their inner edges, the branch j' being somewhat longer than thebraneh f andthe notch f2 somewhat below notch f3. Below thenotchesthebranches may be beveled or rounded off on their inner edges, as shown in Fig.`1.

In the outer endof the arm t' of the lever G is a pin, n, projecting from its side, so placed that when said arm is thrown up, as in Fig. l, said pin will pass into said fork of the lever H above the notches f2 and fi. o is a spring acting to depress said arm z' of the lever G.

7L and 7L are pins projecting from a bracket, 5o

in which it has its bearings, and is cnt away 6o on one side, so that the projecting portion e is eccentric to the center of the shaft.

On the lower end of the crank-arm C is a pin or finger, 7c, Fig. 2, which projects inward, and

is s0 arranged that when the arm t of lever G 65 is thrown up, as shown in Fig. l, the projection c is in the track of the finger k when the crankarm C is revolved, but is carried above and out of said track when the said lever is released from the arm H and the arm t of said lever is 7o drawn down, as it will be, by the spring g.

Instead of the end of the shaft e on which the lever G swings being used to stop the crank-arm C, a pin or lng may be fixed at any point on the said lever where it will stand in the track of the linger lt' when theV lever is thrown up into engagement with the arm H, as in Fig. 1,and will be thrown out of the said track when the said lever becomes disengaged from the said arm and swings away from it. 8o

When such pin or lug is employed as a stop, the track of the pin 7.: should still be across the axis of the shaft c, so that the blow ot' the inger It' on the said stop-pin should be taken directly by the said shaft., and thereby have no tendency to swing the lever G on its pivot.

I have described whatI consider the preferable form of the escapement at the lower end of the arm H; but I do not intend to limit myself to the special form described. other equivale-nt form and arrangement of ,parts may be employed, whereby the end of the arm i of lever G is caught and detained in engagement with the arm H when swung up to Projecting 55 Ally 90.

it, and is disconnected from said arm I-I when the latter is made to shift its position by the opening or closing of the circuit through the magnet. For example, pins may be used instead of the notches in the forked end of the arm H, said pins being made to project from the side of the lower one a little above the other, in the relative positions of the notches f2 and f3, and the pin n arranged to engage the said pin in arm H. I have also described my duplex escapement as employed to stop and let off a revolving arm or lever 5 but it is evident that it may be employed equally well in stopping and letting off mechanism in which the part that engages onto the stop is constructed to move in a right line. I have represented in the drawings this duplex escapement as connected with the hammer for striking an alarm on a gong or bell as it may be used in a fire-alarm telegraph. D is the hammer-head, and D the hammer-lever, which is arranged to swing loosely on a pin, a. E is a linkbar, jointed to the crank-arm G at b and at c to the arm d on the lever D. By these devices it isevident that a blow will be given by the hammer D at eachrevolution of the crankarm C but it is evident that this duplex escapement can be used in other mechanism where itis to be operated by the armature of an electrofmagnet.

The operation of this apparatus is as follows: Suppose it is to be used in a tire-alarm telegraph that employs the closed circuit, or a circuit which is kept closed except when opened to sound an alarm. In suchcircuit, the armature being held to the magnet, the lower end of the arm H will be swung against the pin h and the pin n in the end of the armi of lever Gr will rest onthe notch f2. In this position the finger k is stopped against the projection e', and the apparatus is held at rest. Then, if4 the circuit is broken, the arm H will be drawn against the pin h by the spring h3, releasing the pin u from the notch f2, when the arm i of lever G will be drawn down, thereby turning the projection e up out ot' engagement with 4the, finger k on the crank-arm C, thereby releasing that Yarm and leaving it free to make arevolution andcaus'e a blow to be struck by the hammer D on the bell or gong D", as `before described; but when the arm G has completed itsrevolution the projection c will be again in, thetrack of the nger 7c and stop its movement, for the cam L'which revolves with the crankarm C, will act tocarry outward the arm i of level Gr, (which by the dropping of the arm had been tilted in toward the center of the cam,) and thereby turn the projection e into said track. At the same time the arm i will be thrown up so that the pin n will engage again one of the notches f 2 or f3, thereby restoringrthe parts to their first or normal po' sitions and bringing the apparatus to a state of rest. It' the circuit should be closed when the revolution of the arm C and cam I has been completed, the iin ger a, on its return upward,

will fall into the notch j' in position to be disengaged therefrom when thecircuitshall be again opened; but it' upon the said return of the pin n the circuit is still open said pin will engage with the notch f3, and then, upon the circuit being closed, will fall down onto notch f2, thus bringing the apparatus to its normal position.

If an open circuit 1s used,it is only necessary to reverse the positions of the branches f and f' and the notches f2 and f?, making the inner branch the shorter and the outer branch the longer one.

I am aware that a mechanism for striking a gong or bell, consisting'ot' a crank actuated by a spring through a spur-gear and pinion and a hammer operated by the said crank-'arm by means of a link-bar similar to that'I have shown and described, is in common use. With such mechanism an escapement isemployed consisting of a lever actuated by the armature of an electro-magnet, in which armature-lever is a pin that stops the crank-arm C, and which is disengaged from and removed from the track of the nger 7c by the movement of the'armature. I do not claim such devices, my claim being limited to the combination ,with the arm H or its equivalent, actuated by the armature of an electro-magnet, and the crank-arm C or its equivalent, of a second lever, which carriesl or moves the device that stops thesaid arm C and itselt` is locked in position to stop the said arm by engagement with the armature-lever, and is disengaged therefrom by the movement ot' the armature of the magnet. In this combination of devices there is provided a stop that can take the force of the blow of crankarm C without being liable to give wayor shift its position,and thereby'allow the said arm to pass it and make a revolution when not intended to do soa result which is apt to occur when the stop-pin is'in the armature-lever.. By the employment of the second lever described only a slight force is rendered necessary to let oft' the escapement, thus making only a yery small magnet and batterypower requisite. It is evident, therefore, that the duplex escapement described will work with great ease and certainty and without shock, althougha large power should be exerted by the mainspringor its equivalent in actuating a hammer or other mechanism with which the said escapement may be connected. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isf

1. The duplex electro-magnetic and mechanical escapement consisting of the magnet F, with its` pivoted armature and swinging arm H, provided with escapement devices consisting of the forked ends f and fv of said lever, provided with notches]LIZ and f3 on inner edges thereof, and the lever G, having pin a, and constructed and arranged to engage the arm H and to actuate a stop device, as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the magnet and arma- IOO ture, the arm H, lever G, stop c', crank-arm C, armature F', arm H, lever G, stop c', cam I, cam I, 'and spring g, as and for the purpose and springs g and h3, all constructed to operdescribed. ate as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination, with the hammer D and JAMES M. GARDINER. 5 gong D2, the revolving crank-arm G and link- Witnesses:

bar E,of the esoapement mechanism described, M. F. CLIFTON, consisting of the magnet F, with its pivoted B. S. CLARK. 

